Higher Surveying : Chandra, A.M.

Higher Surveying 

This book presents a systematic and contemporary treatment of the theory and applications involved in Higher Surveying. It also highlights some of the modern developments in geomatics. After explaining the basic survey operations, triangulation and trilateration, the book describes the various adjustment methods applied to survey measurement in detail which is followed by topographic, hydrographic, construction, and route surveying. As engineers and surveyors need knowledge of determining absolute coordinates of points and directions of lines on the earth’s surface, a detailed discussion on field astronomy is presented in this book. A chapter on map projection is also included in the book. Recent advances in land surveying are then highlighted including photogrammetry and photographic interpretation. Remote sensing technique utilizing data acquired through satellites is also explained. Recent instrumentation techniques and methodologies being used in geomatics are emphasised. These cover a range of modern instruments including EDM, total station, laser based instruments, electronic field book, GPS, automated photogrammetric systems, and Geographic Information System. A large number of worked out examples, illustrations, and photographs are included for an easy grasp of the concepts. The book would serve as an excellent text for Civil Engineering students, AMIE candidates, and surveyors. Practicing engineers would also find it extremely useful in their profession.